GI Surgery

Clinical knowledge base written and curated by GastroAGI Team from primary medical literatureLast updated August 1, 2026

Overview

Advancing precision and outcomes in gastrointestinal care.

European Consensus on Peri- and Postoperative Care After Liver Resection: E-AHPBA – ESSO – Innsbruck Consensus | 2026

Introduction: Liver resection remains a cornerstone treatment for primary and secondary hepatic malignancies, but postoperative morbidity is still substantial because outcomes depend on the interaction between patient fitness, underlying liver function, tumour biology, and surgical...

Incisional Negative Pressure Wound Therapy Reduces Surgical Site Infection: JAMA Surgery | August 2026

Introduction: Surgical site infection (SSI) remains a major cause of postoperative morbidity despite modern prevention bundles. Incisional negative pressure wound therapy (iNPWT) applied over a primarily closed incision has emerged as a nonantibiotic strategy to...

Acquired Tracheoesophageal Fistula: Annals of Surgery | August 2026

Introduction: Acquired nonmalignant tracheoesophageal fistula (ANM-TEF) is a rare but potentially life-threatening condition requiring complex surgical management. Historically, prolonged intubation was the dominant cause. This 40-year surgical experience examined how etiology, reconstructive techniques, and outcomes...

Diagnosis and Management of Solitary Rectal Ulcer Syndrome: Diseases of the Colon & Rectum | August 2026

Introduction: Solitary rectal ulcer syndrome (SRUS) is a rare, benign rectal disorder characterized by mucosal injury associated with abnormal defecation, mucosal prolapse, rectal intussusception, ischemia, and repetitive mechanical trauma. Despite its name, SRUS does not...

TIVA vs Inhalational Anaesthesia in Major Noncardiac Surgery: JAMA | August 2026

Introduction: Total intravenous anaesthesia (TIVA) with propofol is increasingly used as an alternative to volatile inhalational anaesthesia, with proposed advantages in postoperative recovery and safety. However, robust evidence demonstrating better patient-centred outcomes has been lacking....

Robot-Assisted Pancreatoduodenectomy: Annals of Surgery | August 2026

Introduction: Robot-assisted pancreatoduodenectomy (RPD) is increasingly adopted in high-volume pancreatic centers, but concerns remain regarding its higher operative and equipment costs compared with open pancreatoduodenectomy (OPD). This study evaluated how the learning curve influences clinical...

Should Age Limit Curative Surgery for Gallbladder Cancer?: BJS Open | August 2026

Introduction: Gallbladder cancer (GBC) is an aggressive malignancy in which surgical resection remains the only potentially curative treatment. Older adults are often considered poor candidates for major hepatobiliary surgery because of concerns regarding postoperative complications...

Emergency Colorectal Cancer Surgery Carries a Higher Risk of Incomplete Tumour Resection: BJS Open | August 2026

Introduction: Approximately 30% of patients with colorectal cancer present as a surgical emergency, most commonly because of bowel obstruction or perforation. While poorer outcomes after emergency surgery are often attributed to more advanced disease, it...

Indocyanine Green Fluorescent Cholangiography During Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy: JAMA Surgery | July 2026

Introduction: Common bile duct (CBD) injury is one of the most serious complications of laparoscopic cholecystectomy. This large national cohort study evaluated whether indocyanine green (ICG) fluorescent cholangiography improves biliary visualisation and reduces the risk...

Preoperative HbA1c Optimisation: Annals of Surgery | July 2026

Introduction: Diabetes is a well-recognised risk factor for postoperative complications, but the optimal level of preoperative glycemic control remains uncertain. This large multi-institutional study evaluated how HbA1c levels influence surgical outcomes and examined the prevalence...

Thromboprophylaxis After Bariatric Surgery: BJS Open | August 2026

Introduction: Patients undergoing metabolic bariatric surgery are at risk for both venous thromboembolism (VTE) and postoperative bleeding. However, the optimal timing and duration of thromboprophylaxis remain uncertain. This large nationwide registry study evaluated the impact...

Liver Perfusion Failure After Pancreatoduodenectomy: BJS Open | August 2026

Introduction: Liver perfusion failure (LPF) after pancreatoduodenectomy is an underrecognized postoperative complication that may lead to liver failure and increased mortality. This study established a clinically meaningful definition of LPF and identified perioperative factors associated...

Preoperative Peritoneal MRI: Annals of Surgical Oncology | August 2026

Introduction: Achieving complete cytoreductive surgery (CC-0) is the most important determinant of survival in colorectal cancer with peritoneal metastases (CRC-PM). Previous abdominal surgery may obscure occult peritoneal disease, making preoperative assessment challenging. This study evaluated...

Intravenous Acetaminophen vs Thoracic Epidural Analgesia After Minimally Invasive Gastrectomy BJS Open | June 2026

Introduction: Thoracic epidural analgesia (TEA) has long been considered the standard for postoperative pain control after gastrectomy. However, with the increasing adoption of minimally invasive gastrectomy, less invasive analgesic strategies may provide equivalent pain relief...

Early Exercise After CRLM Surgery: Annals of Surgery | July 2026

Introduction: Patients undergoing resection for colorectal liver metastases (CRLM) frequently experience postoperative functional decline, delayed recovery, and reduced tolerance to adjuvant chemotherapy. Although exercise rehabilitation benefits several cancer populations, its safety and feasibility immediately after...

Validating the ISGPS Complexity Score for Minimally Invasive Pancreatoduodenectomy: Annals of Surgery | July 2026

Introduction: Minimally invasive pancreaticoduodenectomy (MIPD) is increasingly being adopted, but its technical complexity raises concerns regarding patient safety and surgical outcomes. To improve case selection and match procedural difficulty with surgeon expertise, the International Study...

Liver Parenchymal Quality Predicts Outcomes After HCC Resection: Liver Transplantation | July 2026

Introduction: Hepatic resection and liver transplantation are curative treatment options for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). While patients undergoing resection are often classified simply as cirrhotic or noncirrhotic, many noncirrhotic patients have underlying parenchymal abnormalities that may...

Recovery Patterns After Abdominal Surgery: Annals of Surgery | July 2026

Introduction: As more abdominal procedures are performed as day surgery, patients increasingly recover at home with limited direct clinical supervision. Although digital health platforms can monitor postoperative recovery, recovery trajectories vary widely between individuals. This...

The Financial Burden of Complications After Pancreatoduodenectomy BJS Open | August 2026

Introduction: Pancreatoduodenectomy remains one of the most complex abdominal operations, with postoperative complications affecting nearly half of patients. This systematic review quantified the economic impact of these complications to better inform quality improvement initiatives and...

Mesh Fixation and Chronic Groin Pain: BJS Open | July 2026

Introduction: Chronic postoperative inguinal pain (CPIP) remains one of the most important long-term complications after laparoscopic groin hernia repair, despite lower rates than with open surgery. Whether different mesh types and fixation methods influence the...

Collateral-Based PD Without Venous Reconstruction: Indian J Gastroenterol | July 2026

Introduction: Venous involvement is common in locally advanced pancreatic cancer and often necessitates superior mesenteric-portal vein resection with reconstruction during pancreaticoduodenectomy. However, reconstruction may not always be feasible because of extensive venous disease or unfavorable...

Robotic vs Open Pancreatoduodenectomy: BMJ | July 2026

Introduction: Pancreatoduodenectomy remains one of the most complex abdominal operations. Robotic pancreatoduodenectomy (RPD) has been proposed to improve postoperative recovery, but robust randomized evidence has been limited. The PORTAL trial compared robotic and open pancreatoduodenectomy...

Adapting Military Resilience to Modern Surgery by SOSC: An of Surgery | July 2026

Introduction: Surgery is an inherently high-stress profession, where complications, patient deaths, and difficult decisions can lead to burnout, moral injury, and mental health disorders. Inspired by the US Marine Corps' Combat and Operational Stress Control...

Vascular Resection for Pancreatic Cancer: Annals of Surgery | June 2026

Introduction: As surgical techniques and perioperative therapies have advanced, vascular resection during pancreatic cancer surgery has become increasingly common in selected patients with locally advanced disease. This study evaluated the long-term outcomes of venous and...

Drain Management After Pancreatoduodenectomy: BJS Open | June 2026

Introduction: Optimal drain management after pancreatoduodenectomy (PD) remains critical for preventing postoperative pancreatic fistula (POPF) while supporting enhanced recovery. This study proposes a dynamic, risk-adapted algorithm based on intraoperative risk and postoperative biochemical markers. Why...

Diverticulitis Peaks During Warmer Months : JAMA Surg | Apr 2026

Introduction: Diverticulitis is a common cause of acute abdominal hospitalization and contributes substantially to healthcare utilization worldwide. While seasonal variation has been recognized in several gastrointestinal and surgical conditions, whether diverticulitis follows a reproducible temporal...

Avoid Treating Asymptomatic Postoperative Hypertension : JAMA Surg | Jun 2026

Introduction: Postoperative hypertension is frequently encountered in hospitalized surgical patients and often triggers immediate clinical intervention. Elevated blood pressure readings after surgery may result from pain, anxiety, fluid shifts, medication changes, or physiological stress responses....

Gluteal Flap Reduces Costs After APR : BJS Open | Jun 2026

Introduction: Perineal wound complications remain a major source of morbidity after abdominoperineal resection (APR) for rectal cancer. Delayed wound healing can result in prolonged outpatient care, increased healthcare utilization, impaired quality of life, and higher...

Robotic vs Laparoscopic Rectal Cancer Surgery: BJS Open | June 2026

This large population-based Swedish study compared robotic-assisted and conventional laparoscopic rectal cancer surgery using real-world national registry data. A total of 5,874 patients undergoing minimally invasive rectal cancer resection were analysed, including more than 3,500...

Funnel-Shaped Mesh Prevents Parastomal Hernia After Colostomy : JAMA Surg | Apr 2026

Introduction: Parastomal hernia (PSH) is one of the most frequent long-term complications following permanent colostomy, often leading to discomfort, impaired stoma function, reduced quality of life, and, in some cases, the need for reoperation. Despite...

Early Enteral Feeding Reduces Complications After Whipple Surgery : JAMA Surg | Apr 2026

Introduction: Pancreatoduodenectomy remains one of the most complex abdominal operations and is associated with substantial postoperative morbidity despite advances in surgical technique and perioperative care. Nutritional support is a critical component of recovery, particularly in...

Post-Hepatectomy Liver Failure: BJS | March 2026

Modern liver surgery has become remarkably safe due to advances in surgical techniques, anesthesia, perioperative care, parenchyma-sparing strategies, and minimally invasive approaches. Despite these advances, post-hepatectomy liver failure (PHLF) remains the most feared complication after...

Robotic vs Laparoscopic Rectal Cancer Surgery: BJS Open | June 2026

Neurogenic Diarrhoea Common After SMA Divestment in PDAC : BJS Open | Jun 2026

Introduction: The increasing use of preoperative chemotherapy has expanded the surgical eligibility of patients with locally advanced pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Superior mesenteric artery (SMA) divestment and, in selected cases, SMA resection have become important...

Intercostal Trocar Facilitates Difficult Liver Resections : Ann Hepatobiliary Pancreat Surg | May 2026

Introduction: Laparoscopic liver resection (LLR) has become an established approach for the management of selected hepatic lesions, offering benefits such as reduced postoperative pain, shorter hospital stay, and faster recovery. However, lesions located in the...

Preventive IPMN Resection: UEG Journal | March 2026

Intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (IPMNs) are recognized precursor lesions for pancreatic cancer, and current management aims to prevent progression to invasive disease. This multinational EAHPBA-endorsed study analyzed 1,728 patients who underwent preventive pancreatic resection for...

Rectal Cancer Surgery Rapidly Reshapes the Gut Microbiome : BJS Open | Jun 2026

Introduction: The gut microbiome plays a fundamental role in maintaining intestinal homeostasis through its effects on metabolism, immune regulation, and resistance to pathogenic colonization. Increasing evidence suggests that disruptions in microbial composition may influence surgical...

Early-Onset Appendiceal Cancer: Better Outcomes but Different Biology: Journal of Gastrointestinal Cancer | June 2026

Early-onset appendiceal cancer, defined as diagnosis before age 50, accounts for nearly one-third of appendiceal malignancies. This NCDB analysis included more than 27,000 patients with appendiceal adenocarcinoma or neuroendocrine tumors diagnosed between 2005 and 2019....

Onlay Mesh Preferred in Ventral Hernia Repair : JAMA Surg | May 2026

Introduction: Mesh reinforcement is the standard of care for primary ventral hernia repair, yet the optimal anatomical position for mesh placement remains controversial. Common techniques include onlay, preperitoneal, retromuscular, and intraperitoneal onlay mesh (IPOM) placement....

Perioperative Immune Modulation Shapes Surgical Recovery : J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth | May 2026

Introduction Surgery induces a complex inflammatory and immunologic response involving cytokine activation, neuroendocrine stress signaling and tissue repair pathways. While controlled inflammation is necessary for healing, excessive perioperative immune dysregulation contributes substantially to postoperative morbidity....

Surgical Necrosectomy Retains a Key Role in WON : Ann Surg | May 2026

Introduction Walled-Off Pancreatic Necrosis remains one of the most challenging complications of severe pancreatitis. Over the last decade, minimally invasive and endoscopic step-up approaches have increasingly replaced open surgery, with Direct Endoscopic Necrosectomy emerging as...

Transanal Irrigation Improves LARS Outcomes : BJS | May 2026

Introduction Low Anterior Resection Syndrome is a major long-term complication following sphincter-preserving rectal cancer surgery and is characterized by fecal urgency, incontinence, clustering, fragmentation and impaired quality of life. Despite its substantial functional burden, effective...

Prophylactic Negative-Pressure Wound Therapy Reduces Surgical Site Infection After Major Abdominal Surgery : BJS Open | May 2026

Introduction Surgical Site Infection remains one of the most common complications after major abdominal and thoracic surgery, contributing substantially to postoperative morbidity, prolonged hospitalization, reintervention and healthcare expenditure. High-risk procedures such as emergency laparotomy and...

Liver Margin Positivity Emerges as a Major Determinant of R1 Resection in Perihilar Cholangiocarcinoma : Ann Surg | May 2026

Introduction Perihilar Cholangiocarcinoma remains one of the most technically challenging hepatobiliary malignancies to treat surgically. Achieving an R0 resection is critical because microscopic residual disease strongly influences recurrence and long-term survival. While ductal margins are...

Anastomotic Leak Drives Major Clinical and Economic Burden After Left-Sided Colorectal Surgery : BJS Open | June 2026

Introduction Anastomotic Leak remains one of the most feared complications following Colorectal Surgery. Beyond its immediate morbidity and mortality implications, anastomotic leak substantially disrupts recovery pathways, prolongs hospitalization and frequently necessitates reintervention. While the clinical...

Nationwide Prehabilitation Reduces Complications After CRC Surgery : JAMA Surg | May 2026

Introduction Colorectal Cancer surgery remains associated with substantial postoperative morbidity despite advances in minimally invasive techniques and enhanced recovery pathways. Increasing attention has focused on prehabilitation strategies aimed at optimizing physical fitness, nutritional status and...

Polidocanol Foam Enhances Recovery After Hemorrhoidectomy : Dis Colon Rectum | May 2026

Polidocanol Foam Enhances Recovery After Hemorrhoidectomy : Dis Colon Rectum | May 2026 Introduction Hemorrhoids remain one of the most common anorectal disorders worldwide. For grade IV hemorrhoidal disease, the Milligan-Morgan Hemorrhoidectomy continues to be...

Autologous PRP Shows Promise for Complex Anal Fistulas : Dis Colon Rectum | May 2026

Introduction Management of complex Anal Fistula remains challenging because durable fistula closure must be balanced against preservation of anal sphincter function. Conventional fistulotomy is often unsuitable in complex disease because of the risk of postoperative...

Liver Margin Status in pCCA : Ann Surg | May 2026

Introduction Achieving margin-negative resection remains one of the major determinants of long-term outcomes in perihilar cholangiocarcinoma (pCCA). While proximal and distal ductal margins are routinely evaluated, the liver margin (LM) represents the largest and least...

Early-Onset Pancreatic Cancer Shows Aggressive Molecular Biology : Br J Surg | May 2026

Introduction The global rise in early-onset gastrointestinal malignancies has become a major oncologic concern, with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) increasingly being diagnosed in patients younger than 50 years. Although younger patients are generally presumed to...

Financial Toxicity After Complex GI Surgery : Ann Surg | May 2026

Introduction Financial toxicity (FT) has emerged as an important yet underrecognized consequence of modern cancer care. Patients undergoing major gastrointestinal (GI) surgery frequently face substantial economic stress related to hospitalization, prolonged recovery, loss of income...

Minimally Invasive Surgery Provides Durable Relief in Thoracic Esophageal Diverticula : Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery | May 2026

Introduction Mid- and distal thoracic esophageal diverticula are uncommon but clinically significant disorders that frequently present with dysphagia, regurgitation and aspiration-related symptoms. Surgical management has evolved substantially over the past two decades, with minimally invasive...

Robotic Groin Hernia Repair Shows No Long-Term Recurrence Advantage | JAMA Surgery

Introduction Robotic-assisted groin hernia repair has rapidly expanded across surgical practice in the United States, driven by increasing adoption of minimally invasive techniques and perceived technical advantages such as enhanced visualization and improved surgeon ergonomics....

Younger Adults Face Higher Intra-Abdominal Risk After Colectomy for Diverticular Disease | Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery

Introduction Diverticular disease has traditionally been considered a condition of older adults, but its incidence in younger populations has risen substantially over recent decades. As colectomy is increasingly performed in younger patients with diverticular disease,...

Robot-Assisted Esophagectomy vs Conventional MIE: Annals of Surgical Oncology | April 2026

Introduction Surgical management of Esophageal cancer continues to evolve, with minimally invasive techniques improving perioperative outcomes. A newer concept—total mesoesophageal excision (TME)—aims to enhance oncologic clearance. The integration of robotic surgery with TME (RATME) is...

Pyloroplasty During MIE/RAMIE: Annals of Surgery | April 2026

Introduction Minimally invasive esophagectomy (MIE) and robot-assisted MIE (RAMIE) are standard approaches in the treatment of Esophageal cancer. One debated step during surgery is whether to perform pyloroplasty, a procedure intended to improve gastric emptying...

Micronutrients and Thyroid Recovery After Sleeve Gastrectomy: AJS | April 2026

Introduction Bariatric surgery, particularly sleeve gastrectomy, is increasingly recognized not only for weight loss but also for its metabolic benefits, including improvement in endocrine disorders such as hypothyroidism. While many patients experience normalization of thyroid...

Predicting Perineural Invasion in CRC: Surgery | April 2026

Perineural invasion (PNI) is a well-recognized adverse prognostic factor in colorectal cancer (CRC), associated with aggressive tumor biology, higher metastatic potential, and poor survival outcomes. However, PNI is typically identified only after surgical resection on...

Vasculobiliary Injury in Laparoscopic and Open Cholecystectomy HPB | 2026

Introduction Vasculobiliary injury is one of the most serious complications associated with cholecystectomy, particularly when a bile duct injury is accompanied by injury to the hepatic artery or portal vein. These combined injuries are clinically...

Autologous Fat Injection for Pouch-Related Fistulae: UEG Journal — December 2025

Introduction Ileal pouch–anal anastomosis (IPAA) is the standard restorative surgery for patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) or familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) after colectomy. Although IPAA significantly improves the quality of life, long-term complications remain common....

LIR!C Trial: Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol, 2026

Introduction Management of localised ileocaecal Crohn’s disease traditionally prioritises medical therapy, particularly anti-TNF agents such as infliximab. However, the original LIR!C randomised trial demonstrated that laparoscopic ileocaecal resection could be an effective alternative to infliximab,...

Broad-Spectrum Antibiotic Prophylaxis May Improve Outcomes After Pancreatoduodenectomy: Annals of Surgery, March 2026

Introduction Pancreatoduodenectomy (Whipple procedure) is a complex surgical operation performed for pancreatic and periampullary diseases. Despite advances in surgical techniques and perioperative care, the procedure continues to carry significant postoperative morbidity, largely driven by infectious...

Metachronous CRC Risk in Lynch Syndrome: Clinical Gastroenterolo and Hepatolo, March 2026

Introduction Lynch syndrome (LS) is the most common hereditary colorectal cancer (CRC) syndrome, caused by germline mutations in DNA mismatch repair genes (MLH1, MSH2, MSH6, PMS2, EPCAM). Individuals with LS have a markedly increased lifetime...

GLP-1 Drugs vs Bariatric Surgery: JAMA Surgery | March 2026

Introduction The introduction of second-generation GLP-1 receptor agonists such as semaglutide and tirzepatide has transformed obesity treatment. These medications produce substantial weight loss and metabolic improvements, approaching outcomes traditionally achieved with metabolic and bariatric surgery...

Early Thrombus Removal in Iliofemoral DVT: Annals of Surgery | February 2026 | DOI: 10.1097/SLA.0000000000006765

Introduction Iliofemoral deep vein thrombosis (IF-DVT) carries a high risk of post-thrombotic syndrome (PTS), a chronic and disabling complication that significantly impairs quality of life. Early thrombus removal strategies—either lytic (catheter-directed thrombolysis and pharmacomechanical techniques)...

Staging Laparoscopy in Gastric Cancer: Surgical Oncology Feb. 2026

Introduction Radiographically occult peritoneal carcinomatosis (PC) is a well-recognised challenge in gastric and Siewert III gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma. Current guidelines recommend staging laparoscopy (SL) before neoadjuvant systemic therapy (NST) to prevent understaging and inappropriate treatment....

ROGER Trial- BJS Feb.26

The ROGER randomised clinical trial compared robotic transabdominal preperitoneal repair (rTAPP) with laparoscopic totally extraperitoneal repair (TEP) for elective primary inguinal hernia. In this single-centre, patient- and investigator-blinded Swiss RCT, 182 patients were randomised 1:1...

Delayed Leak Recognition After Colon Resection - JAMA Surgery Feb 26

Anastomotic leak remains a leading driver of morbidity and mortality after colon resection. This large Veterans Affairs Surgical Quality Improvement Program cohort study evaluated whether the timing of leak recognition is linked to failure to...

Molecular Residual Disease and Recurrence in Rectal Cancer- Ann. Sur Jan.26

The study titled "Molecular Residual Disease and Recurrence in Rectal Cancer" published in Annals of Surgery on January 26 explores the prognostic utility of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) as a biomarker for recurrence and treatment...

Reevaluating Intraoperative Neck Margin Revision After Neoadjuvant Therapy in Pancreatic Cancer

The study titled "Reevaluating Intraoperative Neck Margin Revision After Neoadjuvant Therapy in Pancreatic Cancer" explores the oncologic benefits of revising a positive pancreatic neck margin during pancreatoduodenectomy (PD) after neoadjuvant therapy for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma...

Perioperative Use of Tranexamic Acid

The perioperative use of tranexamic acid (TXA) has been extensively studied in various surgical contexts, including general surgery, to evaluate its efficacy in reducing blood loss, the need for transfusion, and major bleeding events, as...

Intrathecal Morphine for Enhanced Recovery After Laparoscopic Colorectal Surgery

Intrathecal Morphine (ITM) has been evaluated as a component of multimodal pain management to enhance recovery after laparoscopic colorectal surgery within the framework of Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS). Postoperative pain, particularly visceral pain, is...

Multi-Omics Analysis of Ileal Mucosa and Mesentery Before and After Ileocecal Resection in Crohn’s Disease

The multi-omics analysis of ileal mucosa and mesentery before and after ileocecal resection in Crohn’s disease (CD) provides valuable insights into how surgical intervention influences the disease at both microbial and metabolic levels. This study...

Comparison of the efficacy and safety of super-selective and selective transcatheter arterial embolization in non-variceal gastrointestinal bleeding

The comparison of the efficacy and safety between super-selective and selective transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE) for managing non-variceal gastrointestinal bleeding (NVGIB) reveals nuanced findings that depend on the type of bleeding (upper vs. lower gastrointestinal...

Anastomotic leakage after radical esophagectomy for ESCC

Anastomotic leakage is a serious and potentially life-threatening complication following radical esophagectomy for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). It occurs when the surgical connection (anastomosis) between the esophagus and the stomach or intestine fails to...

Refractory esophageal anastomotic stricture

Refractory Esophageal Anastomotic Stricture A refractory esophageal anastomotic stricture refers to a narrowing of the esophagus at the site of surgical anastomosis (the junction created after esophageal surgery, such as esophagectomy) that does not respond...

Hemorrhoidal Disease

Hemorrhoidal disease is a common medical condition that affects approximately 10 million people in the United States. It can significantly impair quality of life due to symptoms such as rectal bleeding, pain, anal irritation, and...

Ileal J-pouch interposition

Ileal J-Pouch Interposition: A Detailed Explanation Definition: Ileal J-pouch interposition is a surgical procedure in which a segment of the small intestine (ileum) is shaped into a J-shaped reservoir (pouch) and used to replace or...

Two-Stage Hepatectomy for Irresectable Hepatic Tumor

Two-Stage Hepatectomy (TSH) is an advanced surgical strategy designed to treat patients with irresectable hepatic tumors, particularly those with colorectal liver metastases (CRLM), which were previously deemed inoperable due to the extent or distribution of...

Sleeve Gastrectomy and Anemia

Sleeve gastrectomy (SG) has been shown to have a positive impact on anemia recovery in patients with obesity who undergo bariatric surgery. According to the findings from a retrospective cohort study conducted in Ontario, Canada,...

J- Pouch

J-Pouch: Overview and Key Details A J-pouch, or ileal pouch–anal anastomosis (IPAA), is a surgical procedure primarily performed for patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) or certain other conditions affecting the colon, such as familial adenomatous...