Oncology

Clinical knowledge base written and curated by GastroAGI Team from primary medical literatureLast updated August 1, 2026

Overview

Transforming Oncology with Next-Gen Science

Do Men and Women Respond Differently to Immunotherapy in Advanced Oesophagal Squamous Cell Carcinoma: ESMO Gastrointestinal Oncology | August 2026

Introduction: The combination of chemotherapy and immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) is now the standard first-line treatment for advanced oesophagal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Emerging evidence from several cancers suggests that biological sex may influence immunotherapy...

Liquid Biopsy–Guided Anti-HER2 Rechallenge in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer: JCO Precision Oncology | August 2026

Introduction: Approximately 3–6% of metastatic colorectal cancers (mCRC) harbor HER2 amplification, particularly in RAS/BRAF wild-type tumors. HER2-targeted therapies such as trastuzumab-based combinations and trastuzumab deruxtecan have significantly improved outcomes in this molecular subgroup. However, most...

How Should Response to Neoadjuvant Therapy Be Assessed in Pancreatic Cancer?: Annals of Surgery | August 2026

Introduction: Neoadjuvant therapy (NAT) has become an integral component of treatment for patients with operable pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). However, assessing treatment response remains challenging because biochemical markers (CA19-9), radiographic imaging, and pathological tumor regression...

The Next Generation of Antibody–Drug Conjugates in Oncology: Nature Medicine | August 2026

Introduction: Antibody–drug conjugates (ADCs) have transformed cancer treatment by combining the precision of monoclonal antibodies with the potency of cytotoxic drugs, enabling targeted delivery of chemotherapy directly to tumour cells while minimising systemic toxicity. Following...

Trastuzumab Deruxtecan Shows Promising Activity in HER2-Positive Biliary Tract Cancer: Annals of Oncology | August 2026

Introduction: Advanced biliary tract cancer (BTC) and pancreatic cancer (PC) are highly aggressive malignancies with limited treatment options and poor survival after progression on standard therapy. Although HER2 overexpression occurs in a subset of these...

Avatrombopag Effectively Treats Persistent Chemotherapy-Induced Thrombocytopenia in GI Cancers (ACT-GI Trial): JCO | August 2026

Introduction: Chemotherapy-induced thrombocytopenia (CIT) is a common dose-limiting toxicity in patients with gastrointestinal (GI) cancers, often leading to treatment delays, dose reductions, or premature discontinuation of chemotherapy. Persistent CIT has been particularly difficult to manage,...

EP4 Antagonist ONO-4578 Enhances Immunotherapy in Advanced HER2-Negative Gastric Cancer JCO | July 2026

Introduction: Immune checkpoint inhibitors combined with platinum-based chemotherapy have become the standard first-line treatment for HER2-negative unresectable advanced or recurrent gastric and gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) cancers. However, many patients eventually develop resistance, highlighting the need...

ctDNA Methylation Surveillance Enables Earlier Curative Treatment in Colorectal Cancer (FIND Tria): JCO | August 2026

Introduction: Despite curative surgery for stage I–III colorectal cancer (CRC), 10–30% of patients develop recurrence, most commonly within the first two years. Conventional postoperative surveillance using CT scans and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) often detects recurrence...

Protective Effect of Diuresis During HIPEC: Annals of Surgical Oncology | 2026

Introduction: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a frequent and serious complication following cytoreductive surgery (CRS) with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC), particularly with cisplatin-based regimens. This study evaluated whether maintaining adequate urine output during the HIPEC...

First CLDN18.2 ADC (Sonesitatug Vedotin, CLARITY-Gastric01) in Advanced Gastric Cancer: AstraZeneca (Industry Update) | July 2026

Introduction: Claudin 18.2 (CLDN18.2) has emerged as a key therapeutic target in gastric and gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) adenocarcinoma. The Phase III CLARITY-Gastric01 trial evaluated sonesitatug vedotin, an anti-CLDN18.2 antibody-drug conjugate (ADC), in previously treated CLDN18.2-positive...

Multidisciplinary Lynch Syndrome Clinic: JCO Oncology Practice | August 2026

Introduction: Individuals with Lynch syndrome (LS) require lifelong surveillance for colorectal and upper gastrointestinal cancers, yet adherence to screening recommendations remains suboptimal. This study evaluated whether a dedicated multidisciplinary Inherited Risk Gastrointestinal (IRGI) clinic improves...

Acupuncture in Cancer Care: JCO Oncology Practice | July 2026

Introduction: Cancer-related symptoms often persist despite guideline-based pharmacologic treatment, affecting quality of life throughout the cancer journey. This review summarizes the current evidence, safety considerations, and practical implementation of acupuncture as an integrative supportive care...

SBRT vs RFA for Oligometastatic Liver Disease: British Journal of Radiology | July 2026

Introduction: Local ablative therapy plays an important role in managing oligometastatic liver disease when surgical resection is not feasible. This review compares stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) and percutaneous radiofrequency ablation (RFA), highlighting their respective advantages,...

Neoadjuvant Gemcitabine–Cisplatin–Durvalumab for Borderline Resectable Cholangiocarcinoma: Annals of Surgical Oncology | July 2026

Introduction: Borderline resectable cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) carries a poor prognosis because many patients cannot undergo curative surgery. Following the approval of gemcitabine–cisplatin–durvalumab (GCD) in advanced biliary tract cancer, this real-world study evaluated its role as neoadjuvant...

dMMR/MSI-H in Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer: European Journal of Cancer | July 2026

Introduction: Immune checkpoint inhibitors have revolutionized the treatment of dMMR/MSI-H rectal cancer, but most patients worldwide continue to receive total neoadjuvant therapy (TNT) as standard care. This international real-world study evaluated whether mismatch repair (MMR)...

Dual vs Single Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in MSI-H/dMMR mCRC: ESMO Gastrointestinal Oncology | September 2026

Introduction: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are the standard first-line treatment for MSI-H/dMMR metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). In the absence of direct head-to-head trials, this reconstructed individual patient data (IPD) analysis compared nivolumab–ipilimumab, nivolumab, and pembrolizumab...

Dual vs Single Immune Checkpoint Blockade in MSI-H Metastatic CRC: ESMO Open | July 2026

Introduction: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have transformed the treatment of microsatellite instability-high/deficient mismatch repair (MSI-H/dMMR) metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). While pembrolizumab and nivolumab are established treatment options, recent evidence has raised interest in dual checkpoint...

Three Decades of Progress in Neuroendocrine Liver Metastases: Annals of Surgery | July 2026

Introduction: Neuroendocrine liver metastases (NELM) are a major determinant of morbidity and mortality in patients with neuroendocrine neoplasms. Over the past three decades, advances in imaging, systemic therapies, radionuclide treatment, and liver-directed interventions have expanded...

FLOT vs CROSS After pCR in Esophageal Adenocarcinoma: JAMA Surgery | July 2026

Introduction: Pathological complete response (pCR) following neoadjuvant therapy is considered a favorable prognostic marker in esophageal adenocarcinoma. However, whether patients achieving pCR derive similar long-term benefit regardless of the neoadjuvant regimen remains uncertain. This multicenter...

KRAS ctDNA Predicts Outcomes After Neoadjuvant Therapy in PDAC: Annals of Surgery | July 2026

Introduction: Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) has emerged as a promising noninvasive biomarker for monitoring treatment response and residual disease in solid tumors. However, its prognostic value during neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) for localized pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma...

Low-Dose Aspirin for Lynch Syndrome: Lancet | July 2026

Introduction: Aspirin is one of the few interventions proven to reduce colorectal and other Lynch syndrome–associated cancers. The earlier CaPP2 trial established 600 mg daily aspirin as an effective chemopreventive strategy, but concerns regarding long-term...

4-Year Benefit of Durvalumab in BTC: JAMA Oncol | July 2026

Introduction: The TOPAZ-1 trial established durvalumab combined with gemcitabine and cisplatin (GemCis) as the first immunotherapy-based first-line standard of care for advanced biliary tract cancer (BTC). However, long-term survival outcomes and durability of benefit beyond...

The First Standardized PET Response Framework for Neuroendocrine Tumors: The Lancet Oncology | July 2026

Introduction: Somatostatin receptor (SSTR) PET/CT has become indispensable for diagnosing, staging, and monitoring neuroendocrine tumors (NETs). However, until now, there has been no standardized method for assessing treatment response using SSTR PET imaging. This international...

Staging Laparoscopy in Gastric Cancer: Annals of Surgical Oncology | July 2026

Introduction: Staging laparoscopy (SL) is recommended for patients with locally advanced gastric cancer to detect occult peritoneal metastases before curative treatment. However, its real-world utilization across Europe remains uncertain. This large GASTRODATA study evaluated the...

Celecoxib Boosts Neoadjuvant Immunotherapy in dMMR/MSI-H CRC : Lancet Oncol | Jul 2026

Introduction: Neoadjuvant immune checkpoint inhibitors have transformed the management of mismatch repair-deficient (dMMR) or microsatellite instability-high (MSI-H) locally advanced colorectal cancer, achieving unprecedented pathological response rates. Experimental evidence suggests that cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibition may enhance...

Cancer Cachexia: Science | July 2026

Introduction: Cancer-associated cachexia is a devastating syndrome characterized by loss of appetite, weight loss, and muscle wasting, affecting up to half of patients with lung cancer. This landmark study uncovers a previously unrecognized mechanism linking...

Liquid Biopsy-Guided Cetuximab Rechallenge in mCRC: ESMO GI Cancers Congress | July 2026

Introduction: Resistance to anti-EGFR therapy has traditionally been considered irreversible in metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). However, emerging evidence suggests that resistance is dynamic and can be monitored using circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA). The CAPRI-2 trial...

PD-(L)1 Inhibitors Plus Chemotherapy in Advanced Gastric Cancer: CGH | July 2026

Introduction: Immune checkpoint inhibitors combined with chemotherapy have become the standard first-line treatment for advanced HER2-negative gastric and gastroesophageal junction cancers. This meta-analysis evaluated whether treatment benefits differ between Asian and non-Asian populations. Why was...

CLDN18.2 and Gastric Cancer: Cancer Letters | July 2026

Introduction: The treatment of advanced gastric cancer is rapidly evolving from conventional chemotherapy to biomarker-driven precision medicine. Claudin 18.2 (CLDN18.2), a tight junction protein selectively expressed in gastric epithelial cells and many gastric cancers, has...

Pemigatinib Outperforms Chemotherapy in FGFR2-Rearranged Cholangiocarcinoma : JCO | June 2026

Introduction: Cholangiocarcinoma is an aggressive biliary tract malignancy with limited treatment options and poor long-term outcomes. The discovery of fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 (FGFR2) rearrangements in a subset of patients has transformed the therapeutic...

Fasting Alone Does Not Stabilize Stomach Volume During Pancreatic SBRT Journal: Practical Radiation Oncology | June 2026

Pancreatic stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) requires highly precise treatment because the pancreas lies immediately adjacent to radiosensitive organs such as the stomach and duodenum. Most centers instruct patients to fast before simulation and treatment, assuming...

DOTATATE PET and Poorly Differentiated Extrapulmonary NEC: JNM | June 2026

Somatostatin receptor (SSTR) imaging with ⁶⁸Ga-DOTATATE PET is a cornerstone for well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumours, but its role in poorly differentiated neuroendocrine carcinoma (NEC) has remained uncertain. Previous retrospective studies suggested that up to 40% of...

Fasting Alone Does Not Stabilise Stomach Volume During Pancreatic SBRT: Practical Radiation Oncology | June 2026

Pancreatic stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) requires highly precise treatment because the pancreas lies immediately adjacent to radiosensitive organs such as the stomach and duodenum. Most centres instruct patients to fast before simulation and treatment, assuming...

Multimodality Therapy Remains Key in Recurrent Rectal Cancer : Cancer | June 2026

Introduction: Locoregionally recurrent rectal cancer (LRRC) remains one of the most challenging scenarios in colorectal oncology. Recurrence within the pelvis is often associated with significant morbidity, impaired quality of life, and limited treatment options. Advances...

Nal-IRI Improves Second-Line Outcomes in Pancreatic Cancer : Pancreatology | June 2026

Introduction: Despite advances in systemic therapy, metastatic and recurrent pancreatic cancer remains associated with poor survival. Following progression on first-line gemcitabine-based chemotherapy, treatment options have historically been limited. The introduction of nanoliposomal irinotecan (nal-IRI) combined...

Early-Onset Cancers Rising Selectively in Spain : Ann Oncol | June 2026

Introduction: Concerns regarding increasing cancer incidence among adults younger than 50 years have gained global attention over the past decade. Reports from several countries have suggested a rise in early-onset cancers, particularly those affecting the...

B-Cell Dysfunction Drives Immune Escape in iCCA : Gut | June 2026

Introduction: Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCCA) is one of the most aggressive primary liver malignancies, characterized by poor survival and limited therapeutic options. Although recent advances in immunotherapy have offered new treatment opportunities, response rates remain modest....

RTOG 0848: Adjuvant Chemoradiotherapy Fails Overall, but Node-Negative Patients May get benifit: JCO| June 2026

RTOG 0848 is one of the largest randomized phase III trials evaluating the role of adjuvant chemoradiotherapy after curative-intent resection of pancreatic head adenocarcinoma. The study addressed a long-standing controversy in pancreatic cancer: does adding...

Underwater Endoscopy for Colorectal Neoplasia : Frontline Gastroenterol | Jun 2026

Introduction: Water-assisted and immersion-based endoscopic techniques are increasingly transforming the diagnosis and treatment of colorectal neoplasia. Unlike conventional gas insufflation, these approaches replace luminal gas with water or saline, creating a different optical and mechanical...

GLP-1 Agonists with TNT in Rectal Cancer: Metabolic Optimization Meets Oncology: British Journal of Surgery | June 2026

This review explores a novel concept: whether GLP-1 receptor agonists can improve outcomes when combined with total neoadjuvant therapy in locally advanced rectal cancer. Total neoadjuvant therapy is now a standard approach for locally advanced...

KRAS + MTAP Loss Defines a Poor-Risk Pancreatic Cancer Subgroup: Clinical Cancer Research | June 2026

This study highlights the importance of comprehensive genomic profiling in pancreatic adenocarcinoma, not only for identifying targetable alterations but also for defining biologically distinct prognostic subgroups. The analysis included a large pancreatic adenocarcinoma dataset, with...

BREAKWATER Cohort 3: New First-Line Standard for BRAF V600E Metastatic Colorectal Cancer: Annals of Oncology | May 2026

BRAF V600E-mutant metastatic colorectal cancer represents one of the most aggressive molecular subtypes of colorectal cancer, accounting for approximately 8%–12% of cases and historically associated with poor outcomes. BREAKWATER Cohort 3 evaluated whether adding targeted...

EOCRC Treatment Delays: Language Barriers Are a Modifiable Risk Factor: JAMA Oncology | June 2026

Early age–onset colorectal cancer is increasing globally and is now a major public health concern, especially because many patients present before routine screening age. This population-based Texas Cancer Registry study included more than 112,000 patients...

PRISM Study: Real-World Outcomes of First-Line Systemic Therapy for Unresectable HCC: Liver Cancer | May 2026

PRISM is one of the largest prospective real-world studies evaluating systemic therapy for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma in routine clinical practice across Japan. This analysis reports outcomes from the first 1,000 prospectively enrolled patients, providing important...

DUPAN-2 Enables Biomarker Monitoring in CA19-9 Nonexpressors : JAMA Surg | Jun 2026

Introduction: Introduction: Carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9) is the most widely used serum biomarker in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), guiding treatment response assessment, prognostication, and postoperative surveillance. However, approximately 5%–10% of patients are CA19-9 nonexpressors, typically...

Quorum-Sensing Signals Drive Colitis-Associated Cancer in UC : Gastroenterology | June 2026

Introduction: Ulcerative Colitis is associated with an increased long-term risk of Colitis-Associated Cancer, particularly in patients with prolonged inflammatory disease activity. Although microbiome dysbiosis is increasingly implicated in carcinogenesis, the molecular mediators linking bacterial signaling...

ESD Outperforms TEM for Early Rectal Tumors : Gastroenterology | June 2026

Introduction: Early Rectal Cancer and advanced rectal adenomas are increasingly managed with organ-preserving local excision strategies. Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection and Transanal Endoscopic Microsurgery are the two principal approaches for early rectal tumors, but comparative prospective...

AI-Assisted Endoscopy Reduces Blind Spots, Not Missed Gastric Neoplasia : Gastroenterology | June 2026

Introduction: Gastric Cancer remains a major global cause of cancer mortality, particularly in East Asia, where early detection through upper gastrointestinal endoscopy is central to improving outcomes. Artificial intelligence (AI)-assisted endoscopy has emerged as a...

F. prausnitzii–PIA Axis Suppresses CRC Progression : Gastroenterology | June 2026

Introduction: Colorectal Cancer is increasingly recognized as a disease strongly influenced by host–microbiome metabolic interactions. Although gut microbial dysbiosis has been linked to colorectal carcinogenesis, the mechanistic interplay between microbial metabolites, bacterial competition, and host...

Zanidatamab Redefines First-Line HER2+ GEA Therapy : NEJM | May 2026

Introduction Gastroesophageal Adenocarcinoma remains an aggressive malignancy with limited long-term survival despite HER2-directed therapy. Since the ToGA era, trastuzumab-based chemotherapy has remained the standard first-line treatment, but therapeutic resistance and incomplete durability of response continue...

ctDNA Predicts Early Multiorgan Recurrence in CRLM : BJS | May 2026

Introduction Colorectal Liver Metastases frequently recur despite curative-intent surgery, with nearly half of patients developing relapse within the first postoperative year. Early identification of biologically aggressive disease remains a major unmet need in surgical oncology....

Real-World Data Support Transplant Benefit in Unresectable CRLM : Liver Transpl | Feb 2026

Introduction Colorectal Liver Metastases have historically been considered a contraindication to Liver Transplantation because of high recurrence risk and limited organ availability. However, modern systemic therapies, refined biologic selection and highly favorable outcomes from the...

TQB2102 Shows Strong Activity Across HER2-Expressing Tumors : Ann Oncol | May 2026

Introduction Antibody-Drug Conjugate development has rapidly transformed treatment paradigms for HER2-expressing malignancies. However, resistance, heterogeneous HER2 expression and toxicity remain major limitations of currently available HER2-targeted therapies. TQB2102 is a next-generation biparatopic HER2 antibody-drug conjugate...

Adjuvant HAI Oxaliplatin Improves Liver Control After CRLM Surgery : J Clin Oncol | May 2026

Introduction Recurrence after curative-intent surgery for Colorectal Liver Metastases remains common, particularly in patients with high metastatic burden. The liver represents the dominant site of relapse, even after modern systemic chemotherapy and complete resection or...

EXTEND Trial Supports MDT in Oligometastatic Disease : J Clin Oncol | May 2026

Introduction The concept of oligometastatic disease proposes that selected patients with limited metastatic burden may benefit from aggressive local treatment directed at metastatic sites in addition to systemic therapy. Metastasis-Directed Therapy, most commonly stereotactic radiotherapy,...

Perioperative Toripalimab Improves Survival in Resectable Gastric/GEJ Cancer : J Clin Oncol | May 2026

Introduction Perioperative chemotherapy remains the standard treatment approach for locally advanced resectable gastric and gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) adenocarcinoma. However, recurrence rates remain high despite curative-intent surgery and systemic therapy, particularly because of peritoneal metastasis. Immune...

Advanced Adenomas Detected Frequently in Young Endurance Runners : Cancer Epidemiol | May 2026

Introduction Regular physical activity is generally associated with reduced colorectal cancer (CRC) risk. However, extreme endurance exercise may produce repetitive gastrointestinal stress through splanchnic hypoperfusion, ischemia–reperfusion injury, mucosal inflammation and occult gastrointestinal bleeding. Whether chronic...

FDA Expands Precision Oncology Approvals Across Hematologic and Solid Tumors : Oncol Times | May 2026

Introduction Recent FDA approvals continue to accelerate the shift toward biomarker-driven and targeted cancer therapy across hematologic malignancies and solid tumors. Novel immunotherapies and molecularly targeted agents are increasingly improving outcomes in diseases previously associated...

PD-(L)1 Plus Chemotherapy Benefits Advanced Gastric Cancer Across Regions : Clin Transl Gastroenterol | May 2026

Introduction Immune checkpoint inhibitors targeting programmed cell death protein-(ligand) 1 (PD-[L]1) have transformed first-line treatment of advanced gastric cancer (GC) and gastroesophageal junction cancer (GEJC). However, important regional differences in epidemiology, tumor biology, clinical presentation...

Pancreatic Cancer Care Enters an Era of Biology-Guided Precision Management : Nat Rev Dis Primers | May 2026

Introduction Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remains one of the most lethal human malignancies, characterized by aggressive tumor biology, late-stage diagnosis and limited long-term survival. Despite decades of therapeutic stagnation, recent advances in systemic therapy, molecular...

COLOSOTO Trial Explores Chemotherapy-Sparing KRAS G12C Strategy in Frail Metastatic Colorectal Cancer : Digestive and Liver Disease | May 2026

Introduction KRAS G12C mutations represent a clinically important molecular subtype of metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC), occurring in approximately 3–4% of cases and often associated with aggressive disease biology and limited responsiveness to conventional therapies. Recent...

Molecular Tumor Boards Improve Survival in Refractory Solid Tumors : The Oncologist | May 2026

Introduction Precision oncology has transformed cancer care through the integration of genomic profiling and targeted therapies. However, translating complex next-generation sequencing data into clinically actionable treatment strategies remains difficult in patients with refractory solid tumors,...

Pan-RAS Inhibition with Daraxonrasib Shows Promising Activity in Advanced Pancreatic Cancer | New England Journal of Medicine

Introduction Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remains one of the most lethal malignancies, with limited survival gains despite advances in systemic therapy. More than 90% of PDAC tumors harbor activating RAS mutations, making RAS signaling a...

Pregnancy-Associated Cancer Is Linked to Treatment Delays and Adverse Birth Outcomes | Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery

Introduction Pregnancy-associated cancers (PACs), defined as malignancies diagnosed during pregnancy or within the first postpartum year, represent a growing and highly complex clinical challenge. Management requires balancing timely maternal cancer treatment with fetal safety, often...

Questioning the Role of Para-Aortic Dissection in Advanced Gastric Cancer | Gastric Cancer

Introduction Gastric cancer with extensive lymph node metastasis carries a poor prognosis and presents major challenges in surgical management. In Japan, neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by D2 gastrectomy with para-aortic lymph node dissection (PAND) has been...

LLMs Improve Accuracy and Completeness of Cancer Pathology Summaries | JCO Clinical Cancer Informatics

Introduction Modern oncology care depends on rapid interpretation of increasingly complex pathology reports that integrate histopathology, immunohistochemistry and molecular profiling. Synthesizing these data into concise, clinically usable summaries is time-intensive and cognitively demanding, creating workflow...

Raltitrexed Shows Limited Clinical Activity in Advanced Colorectal Cancer | The Oncologist

Introduction Thymidylate synthase inhibition remains a central therapeutic strategy in colorectal cancer, most commonly achieved with fluoropyrimidines such as 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). Raltitrexed, a direct thymidylate synthase inhibitor, was developed to provide more selective pathway inhibition...

Dual NAMPT–KRAS Targeting Emerges as a Promising Strategy in PDAC | CancerNetwork

Introduction KRAS remains the dominant oncogenic driver in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), yet therapeutic targeting of KRAS has produced only modest and often short-lived responses due to rapid adaptive resistance. As KRAS-directed therapies move into...

RFA Fails to Improve Outcomes in Locally Advanced Pancreatic Cancer | JAMA Network Open

Introduction Locally advanced pancreatic cancer (LAPC) remains a highly lethal disease with limited therapeutic options and poor long-term survival. For patients who remain unresectable after induction chemotherapy, local ablative strategies such as radiofrequency ablation (RFA)...

Early-Onset Disease Is Reshaping the Global Burden of Colorectal Cancer | Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology

Introduction Colorectal cancer (CRC) remains the third most commonly diagnosed cancer and the second leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Although CRC has historically been concentrated in Western high-income countries, its global epidemiology is rapidly...

Temab-A in Refractory Colorectal Cancer: JCO | May 2026

Introduction Treatment options for metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) in late-line settings remain limited, particularly in patients with microsatellite stable disease. Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) targeting tumour-specific pathways represent an emerging strategy to improve outcomes. Temab-A (ABBV-400),...

Biology-Driven Scoring Is Redefining Risk Stratification in Colorectal Liver Metastases: ESMO Open

Introduction Colorectal liver metastases (CRLM) remain a major determinant of mortality in colorectal cancer, with hepatic resection offering the best chance of long-term survival in selected patients. However, outcomes after surgery remain highly variable, and...

Standardizing Trial Endpoints for Oligometastatic Cancer Therapy: The Lancet Oncology

Introduction Oligometastatic cancer represents an intermediate disease state characterized by limited metastatic burden and a potentially distinct therapeutic window for metastases-directed therapy (MDT). As MDT becomes increasingly integrated into oncologic care, defining meaningful and consistent...

PancreaSure in Early PDAC: Gastroenterology | May 2026

Introduction Early detection of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remains one of the most critical unmet needs in gastroenterology. Multibiomarker panels like PancreaSure represent an important step toward improving early diagnosis beyond traditional markers such as...

Perioperative Strategies Are Redefining Curative Pathways in Biliary Tract Cancer Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology | March 2026

Introduction Biliary tract cancers (BTCs), including intrahepatic, perihilar and distal cholangiocarcinoma as well as gallbladder cancer, remain among the most aggressive gastrointestinal malignancies. Curative treatment has traditionally relied on surgical resection, yet most patients present...

Refining Classification and Prognosis of Gastric Neuroendocrine Neoplasms: Virchows Archiv | November 2025

Introduction Gastric neuroendocrine neoplasms (gNENs) represent a heterogeneous group of tumors with rising incidence, encompassing well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumors (NETs), poorly differentiated neuroendocrine carcinomas (NECs), and mixed neuroendocrine–non-neuroendocrine neoplasms (MiNENs). Accurate classification is critical, as clinical...

KRAS Inhibition in Oncology: Precision Oncology | April 2026

Introduction KRAS mutation has long been considered a key oncogenic driver across multiple cancers, yet historically labeled “undruggable.” Recent therapeutic breakthroughs have changed this paradigm, with KRAS inhibitors now emerging as viable treatment options. However,...

Daraxonrasib in First-Line mPDAC: Cancer Research | April 2026

Introduction Metastatic pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma remains one of the most lethal cancers, with a 5-year survival of approximately 3%. Current first-line chemotherapy offers limited benefit and significant toxicity. Given that over 90% of PDAC cases...

KRAS Inhibition in Oncology: Precision Oncology | April 2026

CRLM Prognosis Reimagined: From Static Scores to Dynamic Precision Oncology ESMO Open | April 2026

Introduction Colorectal cancer liver metastases represent a major determinant of survival in colorectal cancer, affecting more than half of patients. While hepatic resection remains the cornerstone of curative therapy, recurrence rates remain high, reflecting the...

MORPHEUS-PDAC Umbrella Trial: The Oncologist | April 2026

Introduction Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remains one of the most lethal malignancies, with a 5-year survival of only 10–13%. A major biological challenge is its “cold tumor” microenvironment—characterized by dense stroma and poor immune cell...

Duloxetine for Prevention of Oxaliplatin-Induced Neuropathy (OIPN): JCO Oncology Advances | April 2026

Introduction Oxaliplatin-induced peripheral neuropathy (OIPN) is a common, dose-limiting toxicity in colorectal cancer treatment, significantly impacting quality of life and long-term functional outcomes. Duloxetine, already proven effective for the treatment of established chemotherapy-induced neuropathy, has...

Subcutaneous Pembrolizumab: Journal of Clinical Oncology | April 2026

Introduction Immune checkpoint inhibitors like Pembrolizumab have transformed oncology care across multiple solid tumours. Recently, a subcutaneous (SC) formulation has been introduced using hyaluronidase technology, promising faster administration, improved patient convenience, and reduced infusion burden....

FOLFIRINOX in Digestive NEC: J of Neuroendocrinology | April 2026

Introduction Digestive neuroendocrine carcinomas (NEC) are rare but highly aggressive malignancies with poor prognosis and limited therapeutic options. Standard first-line therapy consists of platinum plus etoposide, extrapolated from small-cell lung cancer, but outcomes remain suboptimal,...

Tumour Location in Resected Pancreatic Cancer: AJS | April 2026

Introduction Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remains one of the most lethal malignancies, with survival rates rarely exceeding 10% at 5 years despite advances in surgery and systemic therapy. While tumour biology and stage are well-established...

Top 10 GI Oncology Updates: Oncology News/ March 2026

ESOPEC Trial (Oesophagal Cancer) Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy may have underperformed due to radiotherapy quality issues (e.g., lymphopenia). Do not abandon the CROSS approach yet—patient selection remains key. ORCHESTRA Trial (Metastatic CRC) Adding tumour debulking to chemotherapy...

Atezolizumab + FOLFOX in Stage III CRC: NEJM| March 2026

Introduction Stage III colon cancer is traditionally treated with adjuvant oxaliplatin-based chemotherapy such as FOLFOX. However, tumours with mismatch repair deficiency (dMMR) represent a biologically distinct subgroup with high immunogenicity and responsiveness to immune checkpoint...

Adjuvant Therapy After Neoadjuvant Treatment in Resected Pancreatic Ann of Surg Onco — March 2026

Introduction The management of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) has increasingly shifted toward the use of neoadjuvant therapy (NAT) before surgical resection. NAT aims to improve resectability, treat micrometastatic disease early, and select patients with favourable...

First-Line Chemotherapy and Durvalumab in Advanced BTC: Oncology Advances — March 2026

Patients with advanced biliary tract cancer (BTC) often have limited life expectancy, making quality of life and time spent receiving medical care (“time toxicity”) important considerations when selecting systemic therapy. This multicenter retrospective study evaluated...

Quality of Life vs Survival in Older Adults With Advanced Cancer Source: JAMA Oncology, March 2026

Introduction Treatment decisions in advanced cancer often involve a balance between extending survival and preserving quality of life (QoL). Older adults frequently face complex choices because aggressive treatments may prolong life but also increase toxicity,...

Rethinking TNT in Rectal Cancer: J Clin Oncol March 26

Introduction Total neoadjuvant therapy (TNT) has become a major advance in locally advanced rectal cancer, helping improve systemic control, increase tumor response, and expand the possibility of organ preservation. However, most trials and guidelines still...

Obesity and Cancer: JAMA March 2026

Why this review matters Obesity is no longer viewed only as a metabolic disorder; it is now a major cancer-promoting state. This review explains how excess adiposity drives cancer through intertwined biologic pathways, including chronic...

FIT vs Colonoscopy: COLONPREV Trial- Gastroenterology | March 2026

Introduction Colorectal cancer (CRC) screening strategies vary worldwide, with fecal immunochemical testing (FIT) widely used in population programs and colonoscopy dominating screening in the United States. The COLONPREV randomized trial previously showed that FIT-based screening...

Immunotherapy and Targeted Therapy for Advanced Gastroesophageal Cancer: ASCO Guideline Update: J Clin Oncol | Feb. 2026 | DOI: 10.1200/JCO-25-02958

Introduction Advanced gastroesophageal cancers (gastric, GEJ, oesophagal adenocarcinoma, and ESCC) have entered a biomarker-led era. This ASCO update reframes first-line choices around four core actionable domains—PD-L1, HER2, dMMR/MSI-H, and CLDN18.2—and then clarifies second/third-line options when...

ICIs in Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer- Gut | Feb. 2026

Introduction Locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC; stage II–III) has traditionally been treated with neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (CRT) and total mesorectal excision (TME). While effective for local control, this pathway often delivers modest complete response rates and...

SCREESCO Trial: Colonoscopy + FIT and Early CRC Detection? Nature Medicine | February 2026

The SCREESCO randomised controlled trial provides rare population-level evidence comparing primary colonoscopy, low-threshold faecal immunochemical testing (FIT), and usual care in colorectal cancer (CRC) screening. Over 278,000 Swedish adults aged 60 years were randomised and...

Chemotherapy-Only Neoadjuvant Strategy in High-Risk Rectal Cancer- BJS Open Feb.26

This multicentre phase II Japanese trial evaluated a chemotherapy-only neoadjuvant approach—FOLFOXIRI plus bevacizumab without radiotherapy—for MRI-defined high-risk locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC). Thirty-one patients with at least one high-risk feature (cT4 disease, mesorectal fascia involvement,...

Pan-Tumour Pathologic Response Guidelines Standardise Neoadjuvant Assessment Across Cancers - ASCPO Post

As neoadjuvant therapy expands across tumor types, pathologic response after surgery is increasingly used as a predictor of long-term survival and as a key clinical trial endpoint. However, response scoring systems have historically varied by...

Exercise Boosts Anticancer Immunity via Gut Microbiome Formate- Gastroenterology Feb.26

Introduction Physical exercise has long been associated with better cancer outcomes and improved response to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). Separately, the gut microbiome is now known to influence ICI efficacy. What has been missing is...

ENCODER: Liquid Biopsy for Young-Onset Colorectal Cancer- Gastroenterology Feb.26

Introduction Early-onset colorectal cancer (EOCRC), defined as CRC diagnosed before the age of 50, is rising globally and has become a leading cause of cancer-related death in young adults, particularly men. Despite this, screening uptake...

Metastasis Directed Therapy- JAMA Oncol 2026

Metastasis-Directed Therapy (MDT) Overview: MDT refers to localised treatments aimed specifically at metastatic lesions in patients with cancer. These therapies include techniques such as stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT), surgical resection, and thermal ablations (e.g., radiofrequency...

ACS 2026 Statastical Report

The ACS publishes an annual "Cancer Facts & Figures" report, which provides comprehensive statistics on cancer incidence, survival rates, mortality, and trends in the United States. The report typically highlights progress in early detection, advancements...

GEP-NET- Gastroenterology Jan.26

Overview of GEP-NETs Gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (GEP-NETs) are a subtype of neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) that arise from neuroendocrine cells within the gastrointestinal (GI) tract and pancreas. These tumors are relatively rare but are increasingly recognized...

T1 CRC and ESD(GIE, Jan-2026)

T1 Colorectal Cancer (CRC) T1 CRC refers to early-stage colorectal cancer where the tumor has invaded the submucosa but has not yet spread further. It is subdivided into superficial submucosal invasive cancer (s-SMIC) and deep...

Novel Therapeutic approach for pancreatic cancer(GIE,Jan-2026)

The novel therapeutic approach for pancreatic cancer, as detailed in the study published in Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (GIE), January 2026, involves the combination of intratumoral phosphorus-32 (32P) implantation with systemic chemotherapy. This innovative strategy is aimed...

Screening for Esophageal Cancer

Screening for esophageal cancer is a critical strategy to improve early detection and survival rates, given the disease's poor prognosis due to late-stage diagnosis. However, effective screening approaches differ based on the subtype of esophageal...

Glecirasib with or without Cetuximab in previously treated CRC with KRAS mutation - Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol

The study published in Lancet Gastroenterology & Hepatology investigates the efficacy and safety of glecirasib (JAB-21822), a novel covalent small molecule KRASG12C inhibitor, as monotherapy or in combination with the anti-EGFR antibody cetuximab in patients...

New Drugs for hepatobiliary Cancers - J of Hepatology - Jan.26

The treatment of hepatobiliary cancers, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and biliary tract cancer (BTC), is undergoing significant advancements with the development of novel drugs and therapeutic strategies. These developments are primarily categorized into two key...

Tumour Microenvironment in ICC

The tumor microenvironment (TME) in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCCA) plays a pivotal role in tumor progression, immune evasion, and therapeutic resistance. iCCA is characterized by a highly complex and heterogeneous TME, comprising cancer cells, immune cells,...

Chines Expert Consensus of GIST

The Chinese Expert Consensus on Diagnosis and Treatment of Small Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors (GISTs) is a comprehensive guideline developed by the CSCO Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor Committee in collaboration with other professional associations. It aims to...

Chemotherapy for Locally Advanced Pancreatic Cancer After NEOPAN: David vs Goliath

The title “Chemotherapy for Locally Advanced Pancreatic Cancer After NEOPAN: David vs Goliath” appears to metaphorically frame the debate between different treatment paradigms for locally advanced pancreatic cancer (LAPC) in light of the NEOPAN trial...

Short-Course Radiotherapy for Older Patients With Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer (SOFT Study)

The Short-Course Radiotherapy (SCRT) for Older Patients With Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer (SOFT Study) is a multicenter investigation focused on evaluating the effectiveness and feasibility of SCRT followed by delayed surgery as a treatment strategy...

Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor–Induced Diabetes in PD-1/PD-L1 Cancer Trials

Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor–Induced Diabetes (ICI-D) is a rare yet serious immune-related adverse event that can arise in patients undergoing cancer immunotherapy, specifically in clinical trials involving programmed cell death 1 protein (PD-1) or programmed cell...

SEOM Clinical Guidelines for Localized Rectal Cancer

The SEOM (Spanish Society of Medical Oncology) Clinical Guidelines for localized rectal cancer emphasize a comprehensive, multidisciplinary approach to ensure optimal treatment outcomes. Below is a detailed overview based on the context provided: --- 1....

Colorectal Cancer Incidence and Survival in the UK

Colorectal cancer (CRC) remains a significant public health concern in the United Kingdom, as it is a major cause of cancer-related mortality. A population-based cohort study examined trends in CRC incidence and survival over two...

Improving Access and Quality Care for Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor–Related Thyroid Dysfunction

Improving access and quality care for immune checkpoint inhibitor-related thyroid dysfunction (irTD) is a critical focus in the management of patients undergoing immunotherapy. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), which are increasingly used in oncology, can lead...

Comprehensive Genomic Profiling for Resectable Pancreatic Cancer

Comprehensive Genomic Profiling (CGP) for resectable pancreatic cancer is an evolving area of investigation, with its role and timing in the disease course still under debate. Below is a detailed discussion based on the context...

Irradiation vs Conventional Stents for Unresectable Malignant Hilar Biliary Obstruction

The study you referred to compares irradiation stents loaded with iodine-125 (¹²⁵I) seeds versus conventional uncovered self-expandable metal stents for the palliative treatment of unresectable malignant hilar biliary obstruction (MHBO). Below is a detailed analysis...

Advancing IBD-Associated Colorectal Cancer Management Through Precision Medicine

Advancing the management of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)-associated colorectal cancer (CRC) through precision medicine represents a transformative approach to mitigating one of the most serious complications of IBD. Precision medicine leverages a combination of advanced...

Impact of Adenoma Detection Rate on Prevalent Colorectal Cancer Identification in a National Colonoscopy Registry

The study investigated the impact of adenoma detection rate (ADR), a key quality metric for colonoscopy, on the identification of prevalent colorectal cancer (CRC) during colonoscopy. While ADR is known to inversely correlate with post-colonoscopy...

Enfortumab vedotin for gastric and esophageal cancers

Enfortumab vedotin (EV), a Nectin-4–directed antibody–drug conjugate, has been evaluated for its antitumor activity and safety in patients with heavily pretreated gastric and esophageal cancers through the EV-202 study, a phase II, open-label, multicenter trial....

VEGF bispecific fast lane

The term "VEGF bispecific fast lane" refers to the accelerated development and competitive landscape surrounding VEGF bispecific antibodies in oncology, particularly in the context of Pfizer's strategic initiatives and the broader industry trends. Here's a...

Radiofrequency ablation for malignant biliary obstruction

Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) is a minimally invasive procedure that uses heat generated by high-frequency electrical currents to destroy abnormal or malignant tissue. In the context of malignant biliary obstruction (MBO), which occurs when cancer blocks...

Big Bang Moment

The "Big Bang" moment, as described in the context of bowel cancer research, refers to a defining early event in the development of the cancer that determines how the tumor will grow and interact with...

FDA grant Fast Track Designation to a new drug combination for metastatic CRC

Yes, the FDA has granted Fast Track Designation to a new drug combination for metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC). This combination includes alnodesertib (an ATR inhibitor) and low-dose irinotecan. The designation was given due to the...

Bemarituzumab in First-Line Gastric Cancer — FORTITUDE Trials

Bemarituzumab is a first-in-class monoclonal antibody that targets FGFR2b (fibroblast growth factor receptor 2b), a key driver in a subset of gastric cancers characterized by FGFR2b overexpression. The FORTITUDE clinical trial program explores the efficacy...

Intratumoral heterogeneity and immunotherapy resistance

Intratumoral heterogeneity (ITH) plays a critical role in immunotherapy resistance, significantly influencing the success or failure of immune checkpoint inhibitor therapies. ITH refers to the genetic, epigenetic, and phenotypic diversity observed within individual tumors and...

Surveillance for Esophageal Cancer from SANO Trial

Surveillance for esophageal cancer, particularly in the context of patients treated with neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT), is a critical area of research and clinical practice. Active surveillance is an approach where patients are closely monitored after...

Pembrolizumab in microsatellite-stable CRC

Explanation of Key Terms: Microsatellite-Stable (MSS) Colorectal Cancer (CRC): Microsatellite stability refers to the genetic stability of certain DNA sequences called microsatellites, which are short, repetitive sequences scattered throughout the genome. In microsatellite-stable (MSS) colorectal...

Immunogenomics of Cholangiocarcinoma

The immunogenomics of cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a rapidly evolving field that explores the interplay between genetic and non-genetic alterations in tumor cells and immune cells, and their impact on antitumor immunity, tumor progression, and response...

Lenvatinib Disappoints in Metastatic Esophageal Cancer Trial (LEAP -041)

The LEAP-014 trial investigated the efficacy of adding lenvatinib to pembrolizumab and chemotherapy in patients with metastatic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Unfortunately, the results were disappointing, as the combination failed to demonstrate any survival...

Oncology and Molecular Medicine

Oncology and Molecular Medicine is a highly specialized and interdisciplinary field of science and medicine that focuses on understanding, diagnosing, and treating cancer at the molecular and cellular level. This field combines the principles of...

Non-Coding RNA (ncRNA)

Non-Coding RNA (ncRNA) refers to RNA molecules that are transcribed from DNA but do not encode proteins. Unlike messenger RNA (mRNA), which serves as a template for protein synthesis, ncRNAs perform a variety of regulatory,...

Oncogenes: Definition, Mechanism, and Clinical Relevance

Oncogenes: Definition, Mechanism, and Clinical Relevance --- Definition: Oncogenes are mutated or abnormally expressed versions of normal cellular genes known as proto-oncogenes. Proto-oncogenes encode proteins that regulate essential cellular processes such as growth, proliferation, differentiation,...

Microvascular invasion and postoperative recurrence in HCC

Microvascular invasion (MVI) is a critical pathological feature in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) that significantly influences prognosis and postoperative recurrence patterns, particularly aggressive recurrence, following hepatectomy. Here's a detailed explanation of its role, implications, and effects...

CT-derived extracellular volume (ECV) fraction for hepatocellular adenoma and FNH

Hepatocellular adenoma (HCA) and focal nodular hyperplasia (FNH) are two types of benign liver lesions that can sometimes be difficult to differentiate based on imaging studies due to overlapping features. CT-derived extracellular volume (ECV) fraction...

Recurrent non-malignant ampullary neoplasms

Recurrent non-malignant ampullary neoplasms, primarily adenomas, are benign tumors located at the ampulla of Vater, a critical junction where the bile duct and pancreatic duct meet and empty into the small intestine. These neoplasms can...

FIT versus colonoscopy in Korea’s national colorectal cancer screening program

In South Korea's national colorectal cancer (CRC) screening program, the fecal immunochemical test (FIT) and colonoscopy are two key approaches, each with distinct advantages and limitations. Here's a detailed comparison of FIT versus colonoscopy in...

HCC - Alcohol versus other etioloiges

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the most common type of primary liver cancer, can develop due to various etiologies. Alcohol-related liver disease (ALD) is a significant contributor to HCC, alongside other causes such as viral hepatitis (Hepatitis...

Serum Tyrosine, HCC and mortality

Serum Tyrosine, Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC), and Mortality: Detailed Explanation What is Serum Tyrosine? Serum tyrosine is an aromatic amino acid (AAA) that plays a critical role in protein synthesis and various metabolic pathways, including neurotransmitter...

CEACAM6, HOXA-AS3 and miR-29a in colorectal cancer

CEACAM6, HOXA-AS3, and miR-29a are molecular components that play significant roles in colorectal cancer (CRC) progression, diagnosis, prognosis, and potential therapeutic strategies. Below is a detailed explanation of their individual roles and their combined impact...

CD47 expression on survival of colorectal cancer

CD47 expression plays a significant role in determining the survival outcomes of colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. Here's a detailed explanation of its impact: What is CD47? CD47 is a transmembrane glycoprotein often referred to as...

AFP-L3 or DCP expression is associated with poor outcomes in unresectable HCC

Yes, the expression of AFP-L3 or DCP is strongly associated with poor outcomes in patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), as demonstrated by the study you referenced. Here's a detailed explanation of why these biomarkers...

MIER2 as a prognostic marker in colon adenocarcinoma

MIER2 as a Prognostic Marker in Colon Adenocarcinoma (COAD) What is MIER2? Mesoderm Induction Early Response 2 (MIER2) is a gene that has been identified to play a significant role in various biological processes, including...

Ferroptosis and enhances immunotherapy in pancreatic cancer

Ferroptosis, an iron-dependent form of regulated cell death characterized by lipid peroxidation and oxidative damage, has emerged as a potential mechanism to overcome the resistance of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) to immunotherapy. PDAC tumors are...

MATTERHORN Trial

The MATTERHORN trial was a global, Phase 3 study that investigated the addition of Durvalumab (an immunotherapy drug) to the standard FLOT chemotherapy regimen in patients with resectable gastric or gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) adenocarcinoma. The...

Top 10 GI Oncology Studies at ESMO 2025

Based on the context provided, here are the top 10 gastrointestinal (GI) oncology studies that could be highlighted at ESMO 2025 based on their significant findings, clinical implications, and advancements in treatment strategies: --- 1....

Prognostic and Predictive Impact of HER2 Alterations in mCRC Treated with Chemotherapy–Bevacizumab vs Anti-EGFR Therapy

The prognostic and predictive impact of HER2 alterations (amplification or mutation) in metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) was evaluated through a pooled analysis of eight major randomized clinical trials, involving 1,604 patients with RAS/BRAF wild-type, microsatellite-stable...

HCC outcome at the age of 80 and beyond with RF Ablation

The study conducted at Musashino Red Cross Hospital in Tokyo evaluated the effectiveness and safety of radiofrequency ablation (RFA) for treating hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in patients aged 80 years and older. The analysis included 518...

Neoadjuvant immunotherapy Versus Surgery +/− Chemotherapy in High Resectable Gastroesophageal Adenocarcinoma

This study focused on comparing neoadjuvant immunotherapy using immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) with surgery and/or chemotherapy in patients with deficient mismatch repair (dMMR)/microsatellite instability-high (MSI-H) resectable gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma (GEA). These tumors are known to respond...

Anti-EGFRs and CRC

Anti-EGFR (epidermal growth factor receptor) therapies are a cornerstone of treatment for metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC), particularly in patients with RAS/BRAF wild-type tumors. EGFR is a transmembrane receptor involved in cell growth, proliferation, and survival,...

Pancreatic Cancer and mRNA Vaccines

Pancreatic cancer is one of the deadliest cancers, with a five-year survival rate of only 13% due to its aggressive nature and high recurrence rates even after surgery. Traditional treatments like chemotherapy, radiation, and immunotherapy...

HCC and liver-related events in HDV infection

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and liver-related events (such as decompensation and cirrhosis progression) are significant complications in individuals with hepatitis D virus (HDV) infection. HDV infection is known to cause the most severe form of viral...

MAPK Signaling and Gastrointestinal Disorders

MAPK Signaling and Gastrointestinal Disorders Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase (MAPK) signaling is an essential pathway regulating cell processes like proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, inflammation, and stress responses. Dysregulation of this pathway is a key factor in the...

VEGF and Liver Tumor

Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) is a key protein involved in the development and progression of liver tumors, especially hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), which is the most common type of primary liver cancer. VEGF promotes angiogenesis,...

KRASG12D Mutantation and Adult Pancreas

KRASG12D mutation plays a pivotal role in pancreatic tumorigenesis, particularly in the context of the adult pancreas, which is characterized by unique biological features and challenges. Below is a detailed exploration of the relationship between...

High FIT results in CRC patients and 1-year mortality outcomes

High fecal immunochemical test (FIT) results in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients are strongly associated with significantly worse 1-year mortality outcomes, according to the study. Below is a detailed breakdown of the key findings related to...

Encorafenib, Cetuximab, and mFOLFOX6 in BRAF-Mutated Colorectal Cancer

The combination of encorafenib, cetuximab, and mFOLFOX6 has been studied as a first-line treatment for patients with BRAF V600E–mutated metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC), a particularly aggressive cancer subtype associated with poor prognosis. This evaluation was...

Trastuzumab Deruxtecan or Ramucirumab plus Paclitaxel in Gastric Cancer

The international, randomized phase 3 clinical trial compared trastuzumab deruxtecan with ramucirumab plus paclitaxel as second-line treatment options for patients with HER2-positive metastatic gastric or gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma who had previously progressed on trastuzumab-based therapy....

New Perioperative Strategy in Gastric Cancer

The new perioperative strategy in gastric cancer involves incorporating immunotherapy into the existing chemotherapy regimen to improve outcomes for patients with resectable gastric and gastroesophageal junction cancers. These cancers are highly aggressive, with high recurrence...

CT Use and Future Cancer Risk

The rising use of CT (computed tomography) scans has sparked concerns about its potential long-term impact on cancer risk, as highlighted by a recent modeling study. Below is a detailed analysis of the findings and...

Four Key Genes Linked to Worse Gastric Cancer Outcomes

The four key genes linked to worse gastric cancer outcomes, as identified by new research from Brazil, are BRCA2, CDH1, RHOA, and TP53. Here’s a detailed breakdown of their significance: BRCA2 Role in Cancer: BRCA2...

Catching Gastric Cancer early

Catching gastric cancer early is critically important for improving survival outcomes, especially given the poor prognosis associated with late-stage diagnosis. Early detection involves a structured, multidisciplinary approach that includes risk assessment, high-quality endoscopic techniques, and...

ATOMIC Trial – PD-L1 pulse FOLFOX as adjuvant in CRC

The ATOMIC trial evaluated the efficacy of combining the PD-L1 inhibitor atezolizumab with standard adjuvant chemotherapy (FOLFOX) in patients with stage III colon cancer that is mismatch repair-deficient (dMMR) or microsatellite instability-high (MSI-high). Below is...

Age and Oxaliplatin in CRC chemotherapeutic regime

The use of oxaliplatin in chemotherapy for colorectal cancer (CRC) varies in effectiveness depending on the stage of the disease and the age of the patient. Here's a detailed breakdown based on the findings: Stage...